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Akkusativ (Direkte Objekte)
The Akkusativ case is used for direct objects - the thing or person receiving the action of the verb. Good news: only MASCULINE articles change! Der becomes den, ein becomes einen. Feminine, neuter, and plural stay the same. Think: 'I see THE MAN' - the man receives the seeing action, so it's Akkusativ.
WHAT IS AKKUSATIV? Akkusativ marks the direct object - the 'what' or 'whom' that receives the verb's action.
Example: Ich sehe den Mann. (I see the man.) - Ich (I) = subject doing the seeing (Nominativ) - den Mann (the man) = object being seen (Akkusativ)
ARTICLE CHANGES: Only MASCULINE changes: - Nominativ: der Mann, ein Mann - Akkusativ: den Mann, einen Mann
Feminine, neuter, plural = NO CHANGE: - die Frau → die Frau - das Kind → das Kind - die Kinder → die Kinder
MEMORY TRICK: Think 'M' for Masculine = Must change!
Definite articles (the) in Akkusativ - only masculine changes from 'der' to 'den'.
Examples:
Indefinite articles (a/an) in Akkusativ - only masculine changes from 'ein' to 'einen'.
Examples:
These common verbs ALWAYS take Akkusativ objects. Memorize them!
Examples:
Ask 'wen?' (whom) or 'was?' (what) after the verb to find the Akkusativ object.
Examples:
Personal pronouns also change in Akkusativ (different from Nominativ).
Examples:
🇩🇪 Ich sehe den Mann.
🇬🇧 I see the man.
💡 Masculine: der Mann (Nominativ) → den Mann (Akkusativ)
Context: Subject 'ich' sees object 'den Mann'
🇩🇪 Er kauft einen Apfel.
🇬🇧 He buys an apple.
💡 Masculine: ein Apfel → einen Apfel (Akkusativ)
Context: Buying creates direct object
🇩🇪 Wir haben eine Katze.
🇬🇧 We have a cat.
💡 Feminine: eine Katze stays 'eine' in Akkusativ - NO CHANGE
Context: Possession uses Akkusativ
🇩🇪 Sie liest das Buch.
🇬🇧 She reads the book.
💡 Neuter: das Buch stays 'das' in Akkusativ - NO CHANGE
Context: Reading takes object in Akkusativ
🇩🇪 Ich liebe dich.
🇬🇧 I love you.
💡 Pronoun: du (Nominativ) → dich (Akkusativ)
Context: Classic love declaration using Akkusativ pronoun
🇩🇪 Siehst du den Tisch?
🇬🇧 Do you see the table?
💡 Masculine: der Tisch → den Tisch (Akkusativ)
Context: Question format with Akkusativ object
🇩🇪 Er braucht einen Stift.
🇬🇧 He needs a pen.
💡 Masculine: ein Stift → einen Stift
Context: Needing something requires Akkusativ
🇩🇪 Ich esse die Pizza.
🇬🇧 I eat the pizza.
💡 Feminine: die Pizza stays 'die' - NO CHANGE
Context: Eating uses Akkusativ for food
🇩🇪 Hast du das Geld?
🇬🇧 Do you have the money?
💡 Neuter: das Geld stays 'das' - NO CHANGE
Context: Having money = Akkusativ
Only MASCULINE articles change in Akkusativ: der→den, ein→einen. Think: 'Men are different!' Feminine, neuter, plural stay the same.
Der becomes deN, ein becomes eineN. Just add an 'N' to masculine articles in Akkusativ!
To find the Akkusativ object, ask 'Wen?' (whom - people) or 'Was?' (what - things) after the verb. The answer is your Akkusativ object!
Common verbs that take Akkusativ: haben, sehen, kaufen, essen, trinken. These are your A1 essentials!
Nominativ = doer (subject). Akkusativ = receiver (object). 'I (subject) see the man (object)' → Ich sehe den Mann.
Using 'der' instead of 'den' for masculine objects
'Ich sehe der Mann' is WRONG. Correct: 'Ich sehe den Mann.' Masculine direct objects need DEN!
Changing feminine/neuter articles unnecessarily
'Ich sehe den Frau' is wrong. 'Die Frau' stays 'die Frau' in Akkusativ. Only masculine changes!
Using 'du' instead of 'dich' for object
'Ich liebe du' is wrong. Correct: 'Ich liebe dich.' Pronouns change in Akkusativ too!
Forgetting 'einen' ends with -en
'Ich habe ein Hund' is wrong (sounds like you're saying you have a dog in Nominativ). Correct: 'Ich habe einen Hund.'
Confusing 'ein/einen' in speech
'Ein' sounds like 'ein' [ayn]. 'Einen' sounds like 'eye-nen'. Pronounce the -en clearly!
Ich kaufe einen Kaffee.
I buy a coffee.
📚 kaufe (verb) + einen Kaffee (masculine Akkusativ) - buying creates direct object
Siehst du den Bus?
Do you see the bus?
📚 siehst (see) + den Bus (masculine Akkusativ) - bus is object being seen
Wir haben eine Wohnung.
We have an apartment.
📚 haben (have) + eine Wohnung (feminine Akkusativ, no change)
Er trinkt das Wasser.
He drinks the water.
📚 trinkt (drinks) + das Wasser (neuter Akkusativ, no change)
Ich brauche dich.
I need you.
📚 brauche (need) + dich (Akkusativ pronoun) - you are object being needed
Sie liest einen Roman.
She reads a novel.
📚 liest (reads) + einen Roman (masculine Akkusativ) - novel is object being read
Liebst du mich?
Do you love me?
📚 liebst (love) + mich (Akkusativ pronoun) - me is object being loved